PaaniWalla

  Sodium hypochlorite is commonly used as a disinfectant due to its strong antimicrobial properties. It is effective against a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and algae. The primary function of sodium hypochlorite as a disinfectant is to destroy or inactivate these harmful microorganisms, thereby reducing the risk of infection and disease transmission. When sodium hypochlorite comes into contact with microorganisms, it releases free chlorine, which is a potent oxidizing agent. The free chlorine reacts with various components of the microorganism's cells, disrupting their structure and function. This process leads to the destruction of the microorganisms and prevents their ability to reproduce and cause infections. Some specific functions of sodium hypochlorite as a disinfectant include: Killing bacteria: Sodium hypochlorite is effective against a broad spectrum of bacteria, including both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. It targets bacteri

Reason behind foaming in Biological Aeration Tank - Foaming in an aeration tank refers to the formation of excessive foam on the surface of the wastewater during the treatment process. It is a common operational issue encountered in wastewater treatment plants. Foaming can occur due to several factors, including: High organic loading: When the concentration of organic matter in the wastewater is high, it can lead to increased foam production. This is because organic compounds can act as surfactants, reducing the surface tension of the water and promoting foam formation. Presence of surfactants: Surfactants are substances that lower the surface tension of liquids, making them more prone to foam formation. Surfactants can enter the wastewater stream from various sources, such as industrial processes or household products, and contribute to foaming. Filamentous bacteria: Certain types of filamentous bacteria, such as those belonging to the genera Microthrix and Nocardia, can proliferate i

Difference between MBR and SBR   MBR (Membrane Bioreactor) and SBR (Sequencing Batch Reactor) are two different wastewater treatment technologies that are commonly used for treating and purifying wastewater. While both technologies employ biological processes for treatment, there are some key differences between MBR and SBR: Configuration: MBR: In an MBR system, the biological treatment and membrane filtration occur simultaneously. The membranes act as a physical barrier to separate the treated water from the biomass and solids. SBR: In an SBR system, the biological treatment occurs in a batch mode, meaning the treatment process occurs in a series of sequential steps. Each step includes a fill phase, react phase, settle phase, and decant phase. Filtration Method: MBR: MBRs utilize membrane filtration as the primary method for solid-liquid separation. The membrane modules contain fine pores that allow treated water to pass through while retaining suspended solids, bacteria, and other co

  What is Dissolved Oxygen (DO) ? In an aeration system, DO stands for Dissolved Oxygen. It refers to the concentration of oxygen molecules that are dissolved in a liquid, typically water. The DO level is an important parameter in aeration systems as it indicates the amount of oxygen available in the liquid medium. In the context of an aeration system, the DO level is usually measured in milligrams per liter (mg/L) or parts per million (ppm). The measurement can be obtained using a DO sensor or probe, which utilizes various principles such as polarography, fluorescence, or optical sensing to determine the oxygen concentration in the liquid. The aeration system introduces oxygen into the liquid medium, usually by bubbling air or oxygen-enriched gas. The oxygen molecules from the gas bubbles dissolve into the liquid, increasing the DO level. The dissolved oxygen is then utilized by aerobic organisms, such as bacteria and other microorganisms, for their metabolic processes. Monitoring the