How much potable water available on earth ? What are the main sources of potable water?

 Potable water refers to water that is safe and suitable for human consumption. There are several sources of potable water, including:

  1. Surface water: This includes water from rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. Surface water is often treated before it is distributed to consumers to remove contaminants and ensure that it is safe to drink.

  2. Groundwater: This is water that is extracted from underground aquifers through wells. Groundwater is often naturally filtered and can be of high quality, but it may still require treatment to remove contaminants.

  3. Desalinated seawater: Desalination is the process of removing salt and other minerals from seawater to make it potable. Desalination is often used in areas where there is a shortage of freshwater.

  4. Rainwater harvesting: This involves collecting and storing rainwater for later use. Rainwater harvesting can be done on a small scale, such as for household use, or on a larger scale for industrial or agricultural use.

  5. Recycled water: This is wastewater that has been treated and purified to make it safe for reuse. Recycled water can be used for a variety of purposes, including irrigation, industrial processes, and even drinking water in some cases. Overall, the main sources of potable water vary depending on the region and local conditions. In many cases, a combination of these sources is used to meet the demand for clean and safe drinking water.



About 71% of the Earth's surface is covered by water, but only about 2.5% of that water is freshwater. The majority of the world's water is found in oceans and other saline bodies of water, which are not suitable for drinking without desalination.

Of the freshwater available, only a small percentage is accessible and suitable for human consumption. According to the United Nations, less than 1% of the world's freshwater is readily available for human use. This water is found in rivers, lakes, and underground aquifers.

However, it's important to note that the availability of potable water varies depending on the region and local conditions. Some areas have plentiful freshwater sources, while others may experience water scarcity or have to rely on alternative sources such as desalinated seawater or recycled water.

Overall, while the total percentage of potable water on Earth is relatively small, it is still essential for human life and sustainable development. The efficient management and conservation of water resources are critical to ensure that everyone has access to safe and reliable drinking water.


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